In 1969, E.K. Cole's factory, the Ekco Electronics Works on the Sweynes Industrial Estate, off Ashingdon Road, Rochford, was closed down, causing much unemployment in the area. The old Ekco building was taken over by the Lesney’s toy factory. It became the largest employer in Rochford, and in the first year of production there business trebled.
At one time over 2,000 people were employed there working both day and night shifts, making model cars. Special Lesney buses brought workers in from Shoebury, Southend and Rayleigh. The company wanted to build a road around the estate, but locals complained about the number of huge lorries that would be thundering past their houses. It wasn’t long before the firm ran into difficulties, and went into receivership in 1981/82. Many people lost their jobs and shares were suspended. The company continued trading under a different name, Matchbox, and its fortunes fluctuated. |
This was an adhoc range of toys rather than models that ensured Lesney Products was remembered as a toy manufacturer rather than a diecast and electrical components manufacturer. By studying Dinky toys, the founding partners John (Jack) Odell and Leslie Smith came up with a line of 'economy models', that is, vehicles of one piece of heavy equipment that sold for much less than the Dinky models. The first toys, the Cement Mixer, the Caterpillar/Crawler Bulldozer, and the Aveling Barford Diesel Road Roller were made in the late 1940s. |
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The Milk Cart was the first of the company's early products that came out with its own box (until then, all the toys were issued without boxes). Then followed the Rag & Bone Cart and the Soap Box Racer in 1949. In 1950, Jumbo the Elephant was issued (thought to be a re-working of an existing German toy). The Prime Mover, Trailer and Bulldozer, issued in 1950, was the largest of the early Lesney toys and came boxed, and bore the "Moko" name along with Lesney's.
1951 saw the issue of Muffin the Mule, from the popular children's television series. |
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In 1952, Lesneys produced over one million small sized State Coaches to mark the ascension of Queen Elizabeth II. That made them a small fortune. Jack Odell had been toying with all kinds of new and tiny toys and made a miniature road roller, at his daughter's request, that would fit inside a matchbox. After further requests from her schoolfriends, he decided to make a mould to be able to produce as many copies as were needed. Jack had stumbled upon an untapped market, and realised its potential. He also discovered that a matchbox from the Norvic Match Company in Czecholslovakia contained the new toy perfectly. Matchbox was born in 1953, and the larger scaled toys began to take a secondary position within Lesney's plans and by 1955 there were no more made.
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These toys that are sometimes described as being a little crude are actually highly collectable and valuable. For example, in 2005, the Matchbox Club auctioned a Soap Box Racer toy for £3,300!
In 1966, Lesney's received the Queen's Award to Industry. They employed 3,600 workers at that time. They also achieved a special mention a year later in the Guiness Book of World Records, when output had reached almost 100 million models annually, and the company showed £28 million in sales and a £5 million profit. More awards followed, and in 1968, Smith and Odell received the OBE. By then, around 130 countries were involved on the Matchbox success trail, forming eager distribution markets. |
Lesney's moved into the factory vacated by E. K. Cole's Ekco Electronics Works on the Sweynes Industrial Estate, off Ashingdon Road, Rochford, in 1969. |
The Superfast range of Matchbox miniatures was introduced in 1968/69 to combat the success of Mattel's new and very popular Hot Wheels range of model cars. The competition proved hard with them being produced in Hong Kong at much lower production costs. New toy fairs brought hope and big orders for the new Superfast cars poured. Lesney officials sought cost-cutting by way of automated manufacturing equipment, but with U.S. sales dropping off rapidly, they were refused finance by the bank. |
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It wasn't long before the new staff employed to meet the demand were to be made redundant shortly afterwards. The same firm that was awash in cash just two years earlier was now seeking loans to ensure its survival. Plastic kits were released in 1971 in a diversification move, and the image of the Superfast range was bolstered by the Matchbox Collector's Club. The tide of fortune was turning in their favour again. |
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Games and a series of Fighting Furies figures marketed well, and in 1978, Lesney bought AMT, and American maker of model kits, and the American firm Vogue Dolls. But instead of boosting the company's turnover, the acqusitions triggered a downturn from which Lesney would not recover. This was the start of the recession. In 1980, it was realised that Lesney could not afford the attention to the American market it deserved because of high labour costs in the UK, and that the only way forward would be to switch some of the production to Asia. |
Leslie Smith argued, but had to face the fact that Asian production techniques were actually superior those being used at Lesney. In a last-ditch attempt to sway the balance, two final models were produced, but despite this, the end came in 1982. In Lesney's place, a new company, Matchbox Toys, was created to serve as a holding company for all the former Lesney operations. However, after many troubled years, the factory finally closed, and the company relocated to Rugby, Warwickshire in 1990. The land was taken over for a huge housing development. Matchbox eventually moved to China.
Jack Odell went on to form a new company producing die-cast toys within the UK. He decided to make a similar line to the Models of Yesteryear range (that he had originally created) with his new company - Lledo.
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Ironically in 2005-2006 Mattel (the owners of Matchbox since the late 1990s) re-launched Superfast to the acclaim of many collectors. |
Lesneys had their own rigid lorries; two long wheel-based Comma lorries (G-Reg.), and one short wheel-based Comma (E-Reg.). They were all liveried in red and grey and the Lesney name was painted on the doors. A few drivers used them to take lessons in, with an instructor, and put in for their HGV to get their Class 2 license. All at their own expense, of course, but it was handy for them because it was on the doorstep.
The Commas were two-stroke engines that were really noisey. They had powered-steering, but it wasn’t particularly effective, and they had a short lock. The gear selection was a normal 'H' gate, but the stick came out from the back of the cab. It often took a good few shunts to get into some of the loading bays, as they also had a large rear overhang to contend. They were quite gruesome things, really.
The long wheel-based lorries Commas used for factory deliveries around London, like Hackney, Abbey Wood, Chingford and Enfield. It would take nearly a whole day to get round them all, delivering and picking up. The short wheel-based Comma was used for more local deliveries, like taking homework to Runwell Hospital.
The Commas were eventually sold or scrapped, and two short wheel-based Dodges (TME 694S and TME 695S) were acquired.
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Lesney's had two AEC Mandator Artics (HMM 964N and SGU 129L) that pulled 30-plus-foot trailers – 'Silver Ghosts', they called them because they had tandem axles that were painted silver, and looked just like metal. There was no powered-steering, and were 'crash-gearbox' in the running, but with most of the weight on the back axle of the unit, they were quite light to drive. They had what looked like matchbox containers on the trailers, but these were actually part of the chassis – they weren’t lift-off containers. The Lesney/Matchbox logo was pop-riveted on the sides. |
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The Lesney staff bus fleet was well known for its former London Transport RT types, some of which lasted long enough to gain the final "Stagecoach" style livery.
When any buses were off the road or they were short for any reason, they used to hire in from Southend Corporation Transport; usually a half-cab Leyland, long or short wheelbase, sometimes a single-decker, and now and again, one of their open-top 'seafront' buses (obviously roping off the stairs). If the drivers were really lucky, they got a semi-automatic Daimler Fleetline, which was then perhaps only two or three years old, and seemed like driving a Rolls Royce after the RT’s. They were longer and wider than the RT and there was the overhang at the front to contend with, so it took a couple of hours to get used to it. They didn’t have any ‘types’ familiarisation or training– you just got in it and drove. |
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KGK675
The Lesney staff bus fleet was well known for its former London Transport RT types, some of which lasted long enough to gain the final "Stagecoach" style livery as shown here on KGK675 (the former RT1206). Photo taken Wednesday 23 May 1979, West Street, Rochford. (R. Delahoy) |
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KGU413
Surprisingly, RT type KGU413 (originally RT1554) was still active in September 1986 when seen at the Anne Boleyn on Southend Road.
Photo taken Wednesday 23 May 1979, West Street, Rochford. (R. Delahoy)
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LYR737
Here we see LYR737, a staff bus in the Lesney Toys fleet, leaving the Rochford factory. Photo taken Wednesday 12 November 1986, Wickford Broadway. (R. Delahoy)
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LYF316
Another RT to see the new, brighter Lesney livery was LYF316, the former RT 2591. The location is the end of the road leading from the Rochford factory, the bus waiting to break into the busy traffic on Ashingdon Road. Photo taken Friday 13 Nov 1970, Rochford. (R. Delahoy) |
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YWS 623
Former Edinburgh buses were not very common in south Essex but Lesney Toys had YWS 623 in its staff bus fleet. Photo taken Monday 2 May 1977, Rochford. (R. Delahoy) |
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GPW442D
Lesney Toys factory staff bus GPW442D, a Bristol FLF/ECW, formerly Eastern Counties FLF442, taken on the roundabout outside the Anne Boleyn pub between Rochford and Southend Airport. Photo taken Monday 2 May 1977, Rochford. (R. Delahoy) |
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HPW450D
Originally using a fleet of ex London RTs, the Lesney Toys staff bus operations moved onto ex-Eastern Counties FLFs like HPW450D (the former FLF450). Photo taken September 1986, Benfleet. (R. Delahoy) |
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JPW454D
Another ex Eastern Counties bus in the Lesney fleet was the former FLF454, JPW454D, another 1966 built bus.
Photo taken Tuesday 30 July 1985, Southend. (R. Delahoy) |
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KNG471D
A third Lesney ex-Eastern Counties FLF to pass the photographer outside the Anne Boleyn pub was KNG471D, which was the former ECOC FLF471.
Photo taken September 1986, Southend. (R. Delahoy) |
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OMK819R
Even with the availability of low-height Bristol FLFs, there was a need for a single decker on one particularly restricted route. The need was fulfilled with this Dodge bus supplied new to Lesney. A second Dodge was later acquired from the Hackney depot.
Photo taken Monday 2 May 1977, Driver Doug King(?) Rochford. (R. Delahoy) |
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3027HA
Lesney hired-in vehicle. Hired buses came mainly from Newman's of Purfleet, but now and again from Southend Corporation Transport (ST).
(D. Webb)
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NXP760
This open-top bus met its fate under Hambro Hill bridge in Rayleigh, not long after being liveried in Matchbox colours.
(D. Webb)
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NXP760 was re-liveried, had the newest (or best of what they had) seats fitted, and was even waxed up by two of the drivers to display at a bus rally. It was decapitated just the day after the rally. |
Most of the buses belonged to Newman’s of Purfleet, and so they went back to him and he took them to Purfleet Test Centre for the M.O.T.. Lesneys started to buy their own buses, two short ‘Bull-nosed’ Leylands from Scotland, and a few RT’s with re-conditioned engines and gearboxes, and painted in Lesney’s colours, for £5,000 each. The M.O.T.’s on those vehicles were done at Chelmsford.
One of the fitters who lived in on Canvey but worked in Hackney (and used to work for the Post Office working on their lorries), transferred down to Rochford. There was no workshop at Lesneys, but they had an inspection pit installed out in the open, and they used to keep the motors up to scratch there. If a job was too big to handle, he would send the vehicle up to Hackney to have it done. |
In the early seventies, all the buses were fuelled at Warrens garage, at the bottom of South Street, Rochford. They eventually sank a big diesel tank on the Lesney factory site, under the ground where the flower-bed used to be next to the factory, and they had their own pump installed. A master power switch was housed in a shed by the pump, which also doubled as a tea room for the drivers because, up to then, they didn’t actually have anywhere allocated to them for their breaks. They either had to walk up to the canteen where all the factory workers, or sit in the tool shed, or even on one of the buses. It did the drivers a big favour, because it was built larger than was really necessary, and they put in a desk, an old aircraft seat, a bus seat and made a right mess-room of it.
There was a narrow gantry that they would park the vehicle alongside, and from which the drivers used a hose, brush and bucket for the cleaning solution. When one side was done, the bus was turned around to do the other side. With the RT’s, a hose could be taken upstairs, and floor could be washed of all the old dog-ends and stuff, and hosed down the rear stairs, or out of the side vents. |
Additional content courtesy of Dougie Webb |
Copyright 2007 The South East Echo. Layout and content by spitsortie™ |
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